The Future Economy

General-purpose technologies show up in economic statistics late. Electricity, the internal combustion engine and computing all required complementary investment — new plant layouts, new firms, new skills — before measured productivity moved. AI looks likely to follow a similar pattern rather than a sudden step change.

This section examines productivity and diffusion, the economics of compute, changing cost structures for services, the mechanics of digital money and machine-mediated commerce, market concentration, and the fiscal and labour-share questions that follow.

It is deliberately a futurist and structural view of the economy, not investment advice and not risk management commentary.